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• 20:22, 2 April 2024 Admin talk contribs created page Information Representation (Created page with "Inside a computer, everything is bits. The topic of '''information representation''' discusses how different information inside a computer program actually looks like in the background. Category:Computer Architecture") Tag: Visual edit
• 20:12, 2 April 2024 Admin talk contribs created page Bitwise Operation (Created page with "A '''bitwise operation''' is an operation that is done on a series of bits. There are many bitwise operators, most of them being pretty self explanatory. I'll note down anything that seems interesting to me. ''Exclusive or (XOR)'' operator can be used to flip singular bits, since against 1, XOR flips a bit, whereas against 0, XOR does nothing. Category:Computer Science") Tag: Visual edit
• 06:55, 2 April 2024 Rice talk contribs created page Endianess (Created page with "CPUs operate on a group of bits called a ''word''. A 32-bit CPU has a 32 bit (4 byte) word size. '''Endianess''' is the choice of order when storing multiple bytes of a word across memory. There are two choices: Big Endian and Little Endian. Consider storing 0x10203040 in a 32-bit machine In '''Big Endian''', the most significant byte is stored at the lowest part of an address (i.e. big end first). Addresses would look something like 0x10, 0x20, 0x30, 0x40. BE is used...") Tag: Visual edit
• 06:38, 2 April 2024 Rice talk contribs created page 2's Complement (Created page with "'''2's complement''' is a method of representing integers in computer science. To calculate the value of a number represented by 2's complement, just think of the first bit in the bit pattern as negative. For example, 101 would be 4 + 1 = 5 as an unsigned number, but -4 + 1 = -3 as a signed number represented by 2's complement. The reasoning for using 2's complement is easy arithmetic operations. Category:Computer Science")
• 22:19, 1 April 2024 Rice talk contribs created page Ordinary Differential Equations (Created page with "Category:Differential Equations") Tag: Visual edit
• 18:28, 1 April 2024 Rice talk contribs created page Machine Learning (Created page with "Rule-based systems follows a set of pre-defined rules defined by experts to cover all scenarios to automate the decision making process. This is not sufficient for complex systems. '''Machine learning (ML)''' builds models to identify and predict patterns, make decisions, and automate processes.") Tag: Visual edit
• 15:32, 1 April 2024 Rice talk contribs created page Instructions (Computer Science) (Created page with "A computer needs 1 instruction to run (OISC with subleq). It's possible but not fun. Category:Computer Architecture") Tag: Visual edit
• 21:23, 23 March 2024 Admin talk contribs created page Imperative Programming (Created page with "Category:Programming Paradigm") Tag: Visual edit
• 21:21, 23 March 2024 Admin talk contribs created page Category:Programming Paradigm (Created blank page) Tag: Visual edit
• 21:20, 23 March 2024 Admin talk contribs created page Programming Paradigm (Created page with "<nowiki>*</nowiki>This page comes primarily from self-research A '''programming paradigm''' is a relatively-highly abstracted model to organize/structure the implementation of a computer program. At the most basic level of a computer program, we have simple instructions running. As a program get more complex, practices and abstractions such as functions or objects provide a way to organize a program such that it is easier to maintain and collaborate on. We group these...") Tag: Visual edit
• 20:48, 23 March 2024 Admin talk contribs created page Godot/Key Concepts (Created page with "Test") Tag: Visual edit
• 20:43, 23 March 2024 Admin talk contribs created page Godot (Created page with "'''Godot''' is a FOSS game engine. This is the main page; subpages will detail my notes.") Tag: Visual edit
• 17:24, 20 March 2024 Rice talk contribs created page BFS (Created page with "{{Infobox Algorithm|runtime=O(V+E)|class=Graph Algorithm}} '''Breadth-first search (BFS)''' is a graph traversal algorithm. = Approach = At the core of BFS is a ''priority queue'' of unvisited nodes''.'' # At the start, the source node has a distance of 0, whereas the rest has infinite distance. The source node is pushed into the queue. # The queue is popped as the first node in the queue is visited. # Upon visiting a node, if the node's distance is infinity (i.e....") Tag: Visual edit
• 05:19, 20 March 2024 Rice talk contribs created page Graph Algorithms (Created page with "A '''graph''' is a set of vertices and a set of edges connecting those vertices. Graph algorithms solve problems relating to graphs. Notable examples include traversal and shortest path.") Tag: Visual edit
• 06:30, 19 March 2024 Admin talk contribs created page Random Variable (Created page with "A '''random''' variable is a numerical variable whose outcome is the result of a random process (i.e. we don't know what will happen for certain). Notably, the numerical interpretation of the outcome of an experiment is a random variable. They come in two types, deserving their own pages. See = Statistics = Random variables has several statistics that we care about. See pages Continuous Random Variable and Discrete Random Var...") Tag: Visual edit
• 06:22, 19 March 2024 Admin talk contribs created page Discrete Random Variable (Created page with "Category:Statistics A random variable is '''discrete''' if the values it can take on within an interval is ''finite''. = PMF and CDF = The '''probability mass function (PMF)''' describes the probability distribution over a discrete random variable. <math>p(x) = P(X = x)</math> The '''cumulative distribution function (CDF)''' specifies the probability of an observation being equal to or less than a given value. <math>F(x) = P(X \leq x)</math> We usually have tabl...") Tag: Visual edit
• 06:04, 19 March 2024 Admin talk contribs created page Counting (Created page with "Category:Statistics '''Counting''' is the concepts relating to the total possible number (i.e. count) of ways to do something given a certain population. The common forms include combination and permutation. = The Fundamental Principle = The '''fundamental principle''' of counting states that given k operations are performed, if there are <math>n_i</math> ways to perform the i-th operation, then the ''total number of ways'' to perform the sequence of k operations is...") Tag: Visual edit
• 05:43, 19 March 2024 Admin talk contribs moved page Probability to Sample Statistics
• 05:43, 19 March 2024 Admin talk contribs deleted page Sample Statistics (content was: "A population has parameters that characterizes it: <math>\mu, \sigma, \rho, p</math>, distribution. These parameters are unmeasurable, since population is usually huge. The point of '''sample statistics''' is to estimate parameters with sample characteristics: <math>\bar{X}, \hat{\mu}, \hat{\sigma}, s, \hat{\rho}, r, \hat{p}</math>. We also want to know how well our estimation is. = Sampling distribution = Let there be <math>Y_1, Y_2, \ldots, Y_n </math>, where each <math>Y_i<...")
• 05:42, 19 March 2024 Rice talk contribs created page Probability (Created page with "Category:Sample Statistics A '''population parameter''' is the value of a statistic based on population data. This is almost always not measurable. A '''sample statistic''' is the value of a statistic based on sample data. We use sample statistics to estimate population parameters. = Experiment = An '''experiment''' is a process that results in a random outcome") Tag: Visual edit
• 00:33, 19 March 2024 Admin talk contribs moved page Two Numerical RVs to Bivariate
• 00:33, 19 March 2024 Admin talk contribs deleted page Bivariate (content was: "Category:Statistics", and the only contributor was "Admin" (talk))
• 00:28, 19 March 2024 Admin talk contribs created page Bivariate (Created page with "Category:Statistics") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
• 00:25, 19 March 2024 Admin talk contribs moved page Distribution (Statistics) to Category:Distribution (Statistics)
• 00:24, 19 March 2024 Rice talk contribs created page Distribution (Statistics) (Created page with "The Category:Statistics")
• 23:53, 18 March 2024 Rice talk contribs created page Summary Statistics (Created page with "When we investigate a variable in a dataset, two things are great at ''summarizing'' the dataset: the ''center'' and the ''spread''. = Measuring Center = There are two ways to measure center: the mean and the median. == Mean == The '''mean''' is the average/expected value of a variable. The sample mean is denoted as <math>\bar{X}</math>, whereas the population mean is denoted as <math>\mu_X</math>. <math> \bar{X} = \frac{1}{n} \sum x_i </ma...")
• 23:33, 18 March 2024 Rice talk contribs created page Variable (Statistics) (Created page with "In statistics, a '''variable''' is a characteristic of a subject that varies in a ''non-random'' way. = Overview and Related Definitions = At the top level of statistics, we investigate a '''population''': a set of units that we are interested in studying. Populations are almost always impossible to study due to their massive size and other constraints. Therefore, we take a '''sample''': a subset of the population. A '''subject''' is a unit that we study in a popula...")
• 18:28, 18 March 2024 Rice talk contribs created page File:Regression Effect Scatter Plot.png
• 18:28, 18 March 2024 Rice talk contribs uploaded File:Regression Effect Scatter Plot.png
• 17:49, 18 March 2024 Rice talk contribs created page File:Bivariate Normal Example Scatterplot.png
• 17:49, 18 March 2024 Rice talk contribs uploaded File:Bivariate Normal Example Scatterplot.png
• 17:43, 18 March 2024 Rice talk contribs created page Two Numerical RVs (Created page with "Consider two numerica random variables <math>X</math> and <math>Y</math>. We can measure their ''covariance''. <math>Cov(X, Y)</math> The '''correlation''' of two random variables measures the '''line dependent''' between <math>X</math> and <math>Y</math> <math> Cor(X, Y) = \rho = \frac{Cov(X,Y)}{sd(X) sd(Y)} </math>")
• 01:56, 16 March 2024 Rice talk contribs created page Proportion Estimation (Created blank page)
• 00:31, 13 March 2024 Rice talk contribs created page Complexity Theory (Created page with "There exists problems that cannot be solved fast. '''Complexity theory''' is the classification of problems into ''classes''. * P: Set of problems for which exists an algorithm that solves it in poly time O(n^k). * NP: Set of problems for which there exists an algorithm that verifies the solution in poly time = Independent Set Problem = Consider a graph G(V,E). Find the largest set of vertices such that they do not share edges. == Approach: Brute Force == For all po...")
• 01:37, 12 March 2024 Rice talk contribs created page Sampling Distribution (Created page with "= Sampling distribution = Let there be <math>Y_1, Y_2, \ldots, Y_n </math>, where each <math>Y_i</math> is a randomv variable from the population. Every Y have the same mean and distribution that we don't know. <math> E(Y_i) = \mu, Var(Y_i) = \sigma^2 </math> We then have the sample mean <math> \bar{Y} = \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i = 1}^n Y_i </math> The sample mean is expected to be <math>\mu</math> through a pretty easy direct proof The variance of the sample mean is <ma...")
• 01:36, 12 March 2024 Rice talk contribs created page Category:Sample Statistics (Created page with "A population has parameters that characterizes it: <math>\mu, \sigma, \rho, p</math>, distribution. These parameters are unmeasurable, since population is usually huge. The point of '''sample statistics''' is to estimate parameters with sample characteristics: <math>\bar{X}, \hat{\mu}, \hat{\sigma}, s, \hat{\rho}, r, \hat{p}</math>. We also want to know how well our estimation is. Category:Statistics")
• 01:35, 12 March 2024 Rice talk contribs created page Hypothesis Test (Created page with "= Comparing Means: Hypothesis Test = When comparing means, a technique called '''hypothesis test''' is used. This applies to other things, but in this context, we use two hypotheses. Hypothesis test is a technique where sample data is used to determine if the confidence interval supports a particular claim. Hypothesis tests quantify how likely our data is given a particular claim. == Procedure == First, we need two things: * The '''null hypothesis <math>H_0</math>''...")
• 20:36, 11 March 2024 Rice talk contribs created page First Order Circuit (Created page with "= RL Circuit = == Energy Conservation == As current increases, work done by the battery is not the same as the energy dissipated by the resistor. The remaining energy, <math> L/2 I^2 </math> is ''stored'' in the form of magnetic field inside the inductor. Substituting inductance and factoring out volume, we eventually get energy density <math> \frac{B^2}{2 \mu_0} </math>")
• 05:35, 9 March 2024 Rice talk contribs created page File:Z score table.png
• 05:35, 9 March 2024 Rice talk contribs uploaded File:Z score table.png
• 05:03, 9 March 2024 Rice talk contribs created page File:T distribution table.png
• 05:03, 9 March 2024 Rice talk contribs uploaded File:T distribution table.png
• 11:21, 8 March 2024 Rice talk contribs created page File:Equations for Analyzing the Step Response of Parallel RLC Circuits.png
• 11:21, 8 March 2024 Rice talk contribs uploaded File:Equations for Analyzing the Step Response of Parallel RLC Circuits.png
• 10:56, 8 March 2024 Rice talk contribs created page File:Equations for Analyzing the Step Response of Series RLC Circuits.png
• 10:56, 8 March 2024 Rice talk contribs uploaded File:Equations for Analyzing the Step Response of Series RLC Circuits.png
• 07:17, 8 March 2024 Rice talk contribs created page Circuit Element (Created page with "A circuit element is a basic unit that has certain rules governing the relationship of voltage across and current through that element beyond the simple conducting wire. There are five ideal basic circuit elements: * voltage source * current source * resistor * capacitor * inductor There will be no proofs for the equations here. That's a physics thing that probably deserve their own page. ==== Ideal ==== This page will focus on '''ideal''' circuit elements. The real...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
• 06:52, 8 March 2024 Rice talk contribs created page File:Parallel Unforced RLC Circuit.png
• 06:52, 8 March 2024 Rice talk contribs uploaded File:Parallel Unforced RLC Circuit.png
• 02:14, 8 March 2024 Rice talk contribs created page Kruskal's Algorithm (Created page with "= Approach = Select edges in order of smallest to largest, using disjoint-sets to prevent cycles.")